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Between late 1863 and mid-1864, an armed band of Confederate deserters battled Confederate cavalry in the Piney Woods region of Jones County, Mississippi. Calling themselves the Knight Company after their captain, Newton Knight, they set up headquarters in the swamps of the Leaf River, where, legend has it, they declared the Free State of Jones.
The story of the Jones County rebellion is well known among Mississippians, and debate over whether the county actually seceded from the state during the war has smoldered for more than a century. Adding further controversy to the legend is the story of Newt Knight's interracial romance with his wartime accomplice, Rachel, a slave. From their relationship there developed a mixed-race community that endured long after the Civil War had ended, and the ambiguous racial identity of their descendants confounded the rules of segregated Mississippi well into the twentieth century.
Victoria Bynum traces the origins and legacy of the Jones County uprising from the American Revolution to the modern civil rights movement. In bridging the gap between the legendary and the real Free State of Jones, she shows how the legend--what was told, what was embellished, and what was left out--reveals a great deal about the South's transition from slavery to segregation; the racial, gender, and class politics of the period; and the contingent nature of history and memory.
- Sales Rank: #865376 in Books
- Brand: Brand: The University of North Carolina Press
- Published on: 2003-02-24
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: .77" h x 5.76" w x 9.36" l, 1.00 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 336 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
Review
Bynum is to be saluted not only for her profound scholarship but for her evenhanded accounts of matters that remain volatile and controversial. . . . [This] book should be praised as an original and cogent piece of scholarship on a devilishly complicated and demanding subject.--Washington Times
This is an excellent book and Bynum deserves much praise for her ability to negotiate the minefield of myth and legend to produce a study that not only makes a tremendous contribution to scholarship but is a compelling read as well. Thoroughly researched, thoughtfully argued, well-written, and unfailingly interesting, Bynum's work further demonstrates the potential of local studies to shed light on broader forces that have shaped the American past. It deserves attention from those interested in the Free State of Jones, the Civil War in history and memory, and the enduring impact of race, class, and gender on Southern history.--H-Net
Bynum shows how future historians might convincingly knit together the all too-often disparate fields of political, ideological, gender, and racial histories.--Virginia Quarterly Review
Bynum's deeply researched and well-written book unravels the historical and sociological significance of the Piney Woods region of southeastern Mississippi. . . . Powerful, revisionist, and timely, Bynum's book combines superb history with poignant analysis of historical memory and southern racial mores.--Choice
An ambitious piece of work spanning three centuries that presents a lively and intricate portrait of some fascinating and idiosyncratic characters. . . . Prodigious research in genealogical material, census files, church records, official documents, and oral histories provides as full a picture of Jones County and its people as we are ever likely to have.--American Historical Review
Well researched.--New York Times Book Review
Bynum has fashioned frustratingly disparate material into an important book that may cause historians who are skeptical about putting too much stress on an 'inner' Civil War to rethink their position.--American Historical Review
Review
The Free State of Jones is clearly a story that needs to be told, and Bynum has done impressive research to bring it to a modern audience. She uses a wide range of social history sources to trace the long history not only of Newt Knight and his gang but also of their ancestors. She is interested in social structure, economic patterns, migration, religious revivals, family formation, and community relations--in short, a genealogy of the entire Jones County community before they became famous during and after the Civil War. This is an ambitious project that brings the Jones County community to life for scholars, students, and lay readers.--Altina L. Waller, author of Feud: Hatfields, McCoys, and Social Change in Appalachia, 1860-1900
Local studies have made us increasingly aware of the many different ways in which southerners experienced the Civil War. Few communities fought as much of the war on their own terms or generated as distorted yet profound a legacy afterward as did the men and women of this renegade county in Mississippi's Piney Woods. It's a fascinating story, and Victoria Bynum tells it remarkably well.--John C. Inscoe, coauthor of The Heart of Confederate Appalachia: Western North Carolina in the Civil War
About the Author
Victoria E. Bynum is Distinguished Professor Emeritus of history at Texas State University, San Marcos. She is author of The Long Shadow of the Civil War: Southern Dissent and Its Legacies and Unruly Women: The Politics of Social and Sexual Control in the Old South.
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3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Book, Audio Book, Movie. History vs Hollywood
By Minoa Uffelman
Free State of Jones: Mississippi’s Longest Civil War
History vs Hollywood, movie, book, audio book.
The popular movie “Free State of Jones” starring Matthew McConaughey as Newton Knight, a non-slave owner, who deserts from the Confederate army and leads a biracial guerilla band hiding in the swamps has excited a great deal of interest because it challenges the long held Myth of the Lost Cause. Historians have generally praised the movie for showing to a wide audience that the South was not unified in its support for slavery and some people, such as Newt and his followers, resented the “rich man’s war and poor man’s fight” of the CSA to protect slavery. Historians also appreciate that Gary Ross consulted and actually listened to experts of the period in particular Victoria E. Bynum whose impressively researched book Free State of Jones was published in 2001. Political commentators and film critics have been less generous with their appraisal of the film. They seem to want something different from the actual historical Newt and would have preferred a completely fictional movie that satisfies their own political purposes or concepts of a proper narrative arc. It is a shame they have such a poor understanding of history. Other reviewers seem to dislike the un-triumphant movie ending. Hollywood has taught audiences to expect a feel good ending but real life Reconstruction make that impossible.
The good news is no one has to take their word for it. Many people, with their interest piqued, will order the book both in print and the newly released audio book. They can watch the movie, then read or listen to the book. This is the perfect opportunity to explore the ways a movie adaptation of true events is different from an excellent academic meticulously researched book.
Newt Knight was a man who defied social rules by deserting from the Confederacy, hiding in the swamp with runaway slaves and other deserters to fight the Rebels and declare Jones County, Mississippi as the Free State of Jones. Some of his men were captured and executed and, as in the movie, the women in their family cut them down. Women also aided the Knight Company. Newt also took a black wife who had several mixed race children.
Free State of Jones is an excellent comprehensive study that begins with people in the back country of North Carolina during the Revolutionary War who settled Jones County bringing with them their sense of justice and attitudes toward tyranny. Bynum mines everyavailable source to recreate the society of Jones County through the decades from settlement into the 20th century.
Bynum describes the mixed race community created by the tangled and complicated extended families who intermarried and created their own schools living in defiance of the hardening Jim Crow attitudes. Bynum expertly places Davis Knight’s 1948 charge of miscegenation in the larger historical context of the period and expertly connects it to Newt Knight’s flaunting sexual racial norms of his day.
Newton Knight has been portrayed as a principled American patriot fighting for civil rights for African Americans and his mixed race progeny and as an unprincipled, villainous traitor who betrayed his race, the Confederacy and transgressed racial boundaries. Whichever narrative a person believes reveals a great deal about that person’s attitude about race and the Confederacy.
There are no letters or diaries of Newt, his white wife nor his black wife to tell us what their actual relationships were. This is the biggest difference between a movie and a history, the creative license to recreate dialogue. Another big difference is the creation of composite characters to show historical events. In the film, Moses, is a composite character but his experiences happened to African Americans, such as: remaining himself upon freedom, thinking that “40 acres and a mule” would happen, having children apprenticed, joining the Union League, fighting for suffrage and then being lynched for that act of citizenship. Yes, even his castration.
The audio version of Free State of Jones is narrated by the melodious voice of Mahershala Ali, who plays Moses in the film. The preface and epilogue are narrated by Bynum who describes how she became interested in the story and in her new epilogue she tells of new information gathered since the first publication. On Bynum’s blog, Renegade South, descendants of men of the Knight Company have shared information and genealogy.
The paper copy contains photos of Newt and his mixed race descendants, a timeline, family trees and footnotes, not available on the audio version.
The movie, the paper book and the audio book all offer different experiences concerning this important story of American history. One thing they all do is correct the wrong history of the South as monolithic in support of the Confederacy. This is a much needed death blow to the Myth of the Lost Cause.
Victoria E. Bynum’s Free State of Jones: Mississippi’s Longest Civil War is vital to our understanding of today’s society. She is a top notch historian and her work is changing perceptions of the Confederacy, Reconstruction and Civil Rights.
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
I am a Mississippi native and felt like the book gave me my first unbiased view on ...
By kaon2009
If you are looking for entertainment, see the movie. If you are looking for hardcore history, read the book. The book is dense with historical detail, but worth the effort for motivated readers. I am a Mississippi native and felt like the book gave me my first unbiased view on how things really were in parts of the state like Jones county. Because the "Lost Cause" mentality was what I grew up with, I enjoyed learning that there were other people like myself that view the whole Confederate era as a huge and costly mistake. The glorification of the "southern way of life," where slavery was the cultural norm, is repugnant to me. For some southerners, that racist mindset remains to this day. But happily, things are changing. slowly but surely, as the radically racist old folks die out. Newton Knight is a hero to people like me and a demon to many others in the South. I highly recommend "The Free State of Jones" to anyone that would like to know the truth about places like Jones county Mississippi during 1861 - 1920.
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
I am still amazed that these stories of the Civil War are not ...
By Eleonora Turnage
I couldn't put the book down. It was a page turner for sure. There was so much information given, that I think I will have to read it again, just to make sure I understood it completely. I am still amazed that these stories of the Civil War are not included in our history books for our students in high school and/or college. Thank you, Vicki, for writing such a interesting and truthful history of the Civil War, before, during and after, which took place in Mississippi and the South. I feel that my husbands family, living in Leake County, Mississippi at the time, were part of this movement because his great great grandfather also deserted the Confederate army, moving through Madison County and eventually into the piney woods of Louisiana. There was a marriage with a Choctaw girl on my husband's mother's side. I am doing Genealogy and am digging deeper into his family's history. This book is bringing many things clearer to me about my husband's family.
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